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Pride, Armistead and Wilson, Clint. A History of the Black Press. (Howard University Press: Washington, D.C., 1997).
Ratcliff, Mary (The San Francisco Bay View Newspaper). E-mail interview, March 15, 1999.
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Suggs, Henry Louis. PB Young: Newspaperman. (University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville, 1988).
Wolsely, Roland. The Black Press, USA. (Iowa State University Press, 1990).
Wright, Roosevelt (Monroe (LA) Free Press). E-mail interview, April 6, 1999.