When deciding whether to get a tattoo or not, it is important to look back in time. Discovering where the art form came from or why it began can be helpful not only in the early decision process, but also in choosing the tattoo itself.
The word tattoo comes from the Samoan word “tatau” and means open wound. The word also derives from the Polynesian “hahau,” (to strike or pierce), or the Tahitian “tatau” (to mark something). Together, our basic definition of tattoos is formed: an indelible mark or figure fixed upon the body by insertion of pigment under the skin.
For many years, tattoos were ignored by historians; most likely due to the negative connotations connected with them. More recently, the art form has been explored in the contexts of historic record. While it may not be relevant to each individual considering a tattoo, here are some facts that may be of interest.
- In 1991, the mummified body was found of a man from 53 centuries prior. Ötzi the Iceman, as he became known, had 57 visible tattoos on his body. Historians attributed the various dots and lines to arthritis treatment.
- In 1891, a mummified Egyptian princess was discovered with geometric patterns tattooed on her. The art form was restricted to women only; most often for ritualistic practice.
- Figurines found in Japan from the second and third millennia BC were painted to represent tattoo marks. Japanese tattoos are typically known for imaginative designs and full color that many tattoo artists today attempt to embody.
- In Polynesia, it is culturally believed that a person’s spiritual life force is displayed through their tattoos. Noble families apply the tattoos themselves, due to the art form’s esteem.
- Explorers at one time returned to Europe with Polynesians to be displayed at public fairs because of their body art.
- The Celts tattooed knotwork, spirals and braids on their skin, most commonly with blue ink. The complex braids symbolized life, and this type of art is still common on skin today.
- Sailors are commonly known for being tattooed, most often because they returned home with “ink” they had gathered on their travels. Most often, these were pictures of ships, anchors, sparrows and women.